JourneyToCoding

PyTorch is a machine learning framework based on the Torch library. PyTorch and TensorFlow have much in common. However, PyTorch is more commonly used than TensorFlow nowadays.

Tensorflow is a free and open-source software library for machine learning and artificial intelligence. It has a particular focus on training and inference of neural networks.

Matplotlib is a plotting library for python and numpy. It supports multiple types of plot and style customization. Its main plot API is pyplot

Scikit-learn is an open-source machine learning library for python. It features traditional machine learning models, such as classification, regression and clustering algorithms including support-vector machines, random forests, gradient boosting, k-means and DBSCAN. It is designed to interoperate with the Python numerical and scientific libraries NumPy and SciPy.

NumPy is a library that extends the base capabilities of python to add a richer data set including mroe numeric types, vectors, matrices, and many matrix functions.

类似于C的printf和scanf，Python也支持字符串的格式化输出。但是，Python格式化字符串的能力更强，因为格式化实际上是Python的string对象的内置函数，而该函数的返回值是格式化后的字符串。换句话说，Python的格式化字符串操作产生一个新的字符串，而该字符串就是个string对象。Python格式化字符串常用的运算符/函数是%和format

与C++一样，Python中也存在浅拷贝（Copy）和深拷贝（Deepcopy）两种拷贝方式。然而，由于Python中的一切传递、赋值都是引用，其深浅拷贝也具有更为不同的特点。

一些安装Python包的注意事项。

zip() aggregates elements from two or more iterables and return a iterator whose elements are tuples.

math.gamma() calculates generalized factorial.